Hojeando revistas viejas, nos encontramos con un número de mayo de 1919 de Electrical Experimenter con una idea muy interesante, explorada en ese momento en demostraciones escolares sobre el principio del funcionamiento del giroscopio. Ya hemos explorado el tema en una historia del Prof. Ventura (Fast Delivery), pero es muy interesante ver cómo la tecnología fue bien explorada hace 100 años.

Nota: Electrical Experimenter fue una de las muchas revistas publicadas por Hugo Gernsback, el precursor de DiY and Technology a principios del siglo pasado. Vea más sobre este hombre en nuestro artículo HUGO GERNSBACK (HIST011S).

   Sabemos por la física que el momento de inercia de un disco giratorio de alta velocidad con una masa considerable es responsable de la acción del giroscopio. Este principio de la física se usa ampliamente en sensores inerciales de vital importancia para el equilibrio del robot y la estabilidad del dron en la actualidad.

   Bueno, la idea de la bicicleta es demostrar que, por la gran inercia ante cualquier cambio de dirección de movimiento que presente el giroscopio, no se puede hacer que la bicicleta cambie de dirección, simplemente yendo y viniendo y no cayendo.

 


 

 

 

 

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