libro de electrónica en PDF Como ya hicimos hace algunos años en nuestro sitio en Portugués, periódicamente ponemos a disposición de nuestros lectores un libro gratuito. Este E-book podrá ser descargado gratuitamente, bastando que el lector llene un registro, pudiendo usarlo como quiera. El libro que damos en primer lugar es el "11 Proyectos para Montar" una colección de circuitos que salió en los años 90 en el BRASIL y tuvo mucho éxito, dando origen posteriormente a nuestra sección banco de circuitos. Son circuitos prácticos, la mayoría todavía actual, pudiendo ser usada como shield para microcontroladores con pequeñas adiciones e incluso modificada para operar con componentes más modernos. Un regalo de Mouser Electronics (www.mouser.com) para nuestros lectores.

 

18.873MBMemory Usage44.47msRequest Duration
Joomla! Version5.2.3
PHP Version8.3.16
Identityguest
Response200
Templatecassiopeia
Database
Server
mysql
Version
10.5.22-MariaDB
Collation
latin1_swedish_ci
Conn Collation
utf8mb4_general_ci
$_GET
array:3 [ "catid" => "79" "id" => "3055" "view" => "article" ]
$_POST
[]
$_SESSION
array:1 [ "joomla" => "***redacted***" ]
$_COOKIE
[]
$_SERVER
array:52 [ "USER" => "apache" "HOME" => "/usr/share/httpd" "SCRIPT_NAME" => "/index.php" "RE...
session
array:3 [ "counter" => 1 "timer" => array:3 [ "start" => 1743587193 "last" => 1743587193...
registry
array:3 [ "data" => [] "initialized" => false "separator" => "." ]
user
array:21 [ "id" => 0 "name" => null "username" => null "email" => null "password" => "***r...
  • afterLoad (85.7KB) (297μs)
  • afterInitialise (1.14MB) (3.67ms)
  • afterRoute (36.49KB) (148μs)
  • beforeRenderComponent com_content (42.58KB) (416μs)
  • Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (107.5KB) (315μs)
  • After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (112.46KB) (384μs)
  • Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.57KB) (8μs)
  • After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (16.19MB) (22ms)
  • Before Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (480.08KB) (1.94ms)
  • After Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (7.36KB) (33μs)
  • afterRenderComponent com_content (398.59KB) (6.22ms)
  • afterDispatch (2.25KB) (61μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (371.55KB) (2.08ms)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (15.43KB) (331μs)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (5.9KB) (92μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (125.45KB) (1.18ms)
  • beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu) (22.55KB) (221μs)
  • afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu) (61.57KB) (659μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (14.55KB) (546μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (4.75KB) (72μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu) (14.18KB) (154μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu) (3.59KB) (54μs)
  • beforeRenderModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (21.71KB) (244μs)
  • afterRenderModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (4.44KB) (51μs)
  • afterRender (288.09KB) (3.18ms)
  • 1 x After Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (16.19MB) (49.47%)
    22.00ms
    1 x afterRenderComponent com_content (398.59KB) (14%)
    6.22ms
    1 x afterInitialise (1.14MB) (8.25%)
    3.67ms
    1 x afterRender (288.09KB) (7.15%)
    3.18ms
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (371.55KB) (4.68%)
    2.08ms
    1 x Before Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (480.08KB) (4.37%)
    1.94ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (125.45KB) (2.64%)
    1.18ms
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu) (61.57KB) (1.48%)
    659μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (14.55KB) (1.23%)
    546μs
    1 x beforeRenderComponent com_content (42.58KB) (0.94%)
    416μs
    1 x After Access::preloadComponents (all components) (112.46KB) (0.86%)
    384μs
    1 x afterRenderRawModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (15.43KB) (0.74%)
    331μs
    1 x Before Access::preloadComponents (all components) (107.5KB) (0.71%)
    315μs
    1 x afterLoad (85.7KB) (0.67%)
    297μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (21.71KB) (0.55%)
    244μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_menu (Main Menu) (22.55KB) (0.5%)
    221μs
    1 x beforeRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu) (14.18KB) (0.35%)
    154μs
    1 x afterRoute (36.49KB) (0.33%)
    148μs
    1 x beforeRenderRawModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (5.9KB) (0.21%)
    92μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_articles_category (Banco de Circuitos) (4.75KB) (0.16%)
    72μs
    1 x afterDispatch (2.25KB) (0.14%)
    61μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_menu (Main Menu) (3.59KB) (0.12%)
    54μs
    1 x afterRenderModule mod_finder (Busca_inteligente) (4.44KB) (0.11%)
    51μs
    1 x After Access::getAssetRules (id:8 name:com_content) (7.36KB) (0.07%)
    33μs
    1 x Before Access::preloadPermissions (com_content) (1.57KB) (0.02%)
    8μs
23 statements were executed, 5 of which were duplicates, 18 unique13.58ms1.52MB
  • SELECT @@SESSION.sql_mode;34μs968B/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:184Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `incbmx_session` WHERE `session_id` = :session_id LIMIT 179μs1.3KBParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:187Copy
  • INSERT INTO `incbmx_session` (`session_id`,`guest`,`time`,`userid`,`username`,`client_id`) VALUES (:session_id, :guest, :time, :user_id, :username, :client_id)152μs944BParams/libraries/src/Session/MetadataManager.php:260Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`rules` FROM `incbmx_viewlevels`52μs656B/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:955Copy
  • SELECT `b`.`id` FROM `incbmx_usergroups` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_usergroups` AS `b` ON `b`.`lft` <= `a`.`lft` AND `b`.`rgt` >= `a`.`rgt` WHERE `a`.`id` = :guest79μs1.64KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:868Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `incbmx_assets` WHERE `name` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7,:preparedArray8,:preparedArray9,:preparedArray10,:preparedArray11,:preparedArray12,:preparedArray13,:preparedArray14,:preparedArray15,:preparedArray16,:preparedArray17,:preparedArray18,:preparedArray19,:preparedArray20,:preparedArray21,:preparedArray22,:preparedArray23,:preparedArray24,:preparedArray25,:preparedArray26,:preparedArray27,:preparedArray28,:preparedArray29,:preparedArray30,:preparedArray31,:preparedArray32,:preparedArray33,:preparedArray34,:preparedArray35,:preparedArray36,:preparedArray37,:preparedArray38,:preparedArray39)221μs7.44KBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:357Copy
  • SELECT `id`,`name`,`rules`,`parent_id` FROM `incbmx_assets` WHERE `name` LIKE :asset OR `name` = :extension OR `parent_id` = 09.99ms1.46MBParams/libraries/src/Access/Access.php:301Copy
  • SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `incbmx_assets`263μs1.39KB/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:587Copy
  • SELECT * FROM `incbmx_assets` WHERE `name` = 'com_content.article.3055'79μs1.52KB/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:780Copy
  • SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `incbmx_content`276μs1.77KB/libraries/vendor/joomla/database/src/Mysqli/MysqliDriver.php:587Copy
  • UPDATE `incbmx_content` SET `hits` = (`hits` + 1) WHERE `id` = '3055'159μs48B/libraries/src/Table/Table.php:1348Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `incbmx_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)187μs6.12KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `incbmx_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`195μs3.92KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`tag_id`,`t`.* FROM `incbmx_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` INNER JOIN `incbmx_tags` AS `t` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :contentType AND `m`.`content_item_id` = :id AND `t`.`published` = 1 AND `t`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)233μs3.97KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:388Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `incbmx_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`189μs3.92KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM incbmx_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `incbmx_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN incbmx_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN incbmx_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN incbmx_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN incbmx_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id LEFT JOIN `incbmx_fields_categories` AS fc ON fc.field_id = a.id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND (`fc`.`category_id` IS NULL OR `fc`.`category_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2,:preparedArray3)) AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray4,:preparedArray5)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray6,:preparedArray7)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform ORDER BY a.ordering ASC409μs4.81KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:164Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `incbmx_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`179μs5.17KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`module`,`m`.`position`,`m`.`content`,`m`.`showtitle`,`m`.`params`,`mm`.`menuid` FROM `incbmx_modules` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_modules_menu` AS `mm` ON `mm`.`moduleid` = `m`.`id` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `m`.`module` AND `e`.`client_id` = `m`.`client_id` WHERE ( ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1 AND `m`.`client_id` = :clientId AND `m`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown)) AND (`mm`.`menuid` = :itemId OR `mm`.`menuid` <= 0) ORDER BY `m`.`position`,`m`.`ordering`257μs2KBParams/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:120Copy
  • SELECT `name`,`element` FROM `incbmx_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'plugin' AND `folder` = 'finder' AND `enabled` = 1149μs656B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Helper/LanguageHelper.php:135Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `incbmx_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)92μs648B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:325Copy
  • SELECT * FROM `incbmx_schemaorg` WHERE `itemId` = :itemId AND `context` = :context67μs1.55KBParams/plugins/system/schemaorg/src/Extension/Schemaorg.php:403Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `incbmx_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `incbmx_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)152μs6.17KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
  • SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`next_execution` <= :now THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS due_count,SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`locked` IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS locked_count FROM `incbmx_scheduler_tasks` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`state` = 182μs1.37KBParams/administrator/components/com_scheduler/src/Model/TasksModel.php:465Copy
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.3055, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.3055, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.3055, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.3055, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.3055, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.3055, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.3055, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.3055, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.3055, falling back to com_content
  • warningassets - No asset found for com_content.article.3055, falling back to com_content