En las aplicaciones sensibles de audio (preamplificadores, mezcladores, casadores de impedancia), el ruido de la red de energía es el factor negativo que más molesta. Una solución interesante si este problema aparece en su proyecto o aplicación consiste en un filtro rechazante que pueda ser sintonizado en 60 Hz. El filtro presentado puede ser la solución para su problema.

   Usando tres de los amplificadores operacionales constantes del circuito integrado LM324 se puede implementar un filtro rechazador eficiente para las señales de 60 Hz de la red de energía captadas por una línea de señal.

   El circuito, en realidad, tiene una sintonización ajustable entre 40 y 120 Hz aproximadamente, dependiendo de la tolerancia de los componentes, lo que significa que sirve para rechazar otras señales, incluso el de 120 Hz, procedentes de rectificadores de onda completa.

   En la figura 1 mostramos la configuración completa de ese filtro que requiere el empleo de una fuente simétrica.

 

Figura 1 - Circuito completo del filtro
Figura 1 - Circuito completo del filtro | Haga click en la imagen para ampliar |

 

   Por supuesto, otros amplificadores operacionales se pueden utilizar en la misma configuración.

   El potenciómetro de ajuste debe ser del tipo doble y la frecuencia central de rechazo es básicamente determinada por el condensador de 270 nF.

   El cambio de valor de este componente permite implementar filtros para rechazar otras frecuencias.

   También es importante observar que este circuito tiene una alta impedancia de entrada y una baja impedancia de salida.

 

 

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