Emisor Modulado de Superagudos (ART962S)

Written by: Newton C. Braga
Category: Artículos Técnicos y Proyectos

   Esta potente sirena emite un sonido intermitente muy agudo que perturba a las personas, pudiendo servir como base para alarmas y sistemas de seguridad. El circuito puede ser alimentado por batería o fuente.

   Este circuito produce sonido en la banda alta de los agudos entre 12 000 y 15 000 Hz, con una intensidad suficientemente elevada para que sea bastante desagradable a los oídos.

   Entre las aplicaciones tenemos los circuitos de pánico que, al ser accionados, hacen que las personas deseen dejar el local rápidamente.

   Otras aplicaciones incluyen sistemas de alarma y de advertencia.

   El circuito puede ser alimentado por tensiones de 6 a 12 V proveniente de fuente o batería.

   Con mayor tensión, la potencia de salida es mayor.

 

   Como funciona

   Por base, el circuito emplea dos osciladores con puertas NAND de circuitos integrados 4093.

  Tenemos entonces dos osciladores, uno de baja frecuencia que determina la modulación y otro de alta frecuencia que determina el sonido agudo ajustado en P1.

   En la figura 1 tenemos la señal modulada producida por este circuito.

 

   Figura 1 - La señal producida
   Figura 1 - La señal producida | Haga click en la imagen para ampliar |

 

   Para obtener esta señal, las señales de los dos osciladores anteriores se aplican a un puerto que los combina y los aplica a la base de un transistor de potencia.

  Este transistor tiene entonces como carga en su emisor un tweeter piezoeléctrico que tiene una excelente respuesta a los sonidos agudos.

  

Montaje

   En la figura 2 tenemos el diagrama completo de nuestro emisor de agudos.

 

   Figura 2 - Diagrama del emisor de agudos
   Figura 2 - Diagrama del emisor de agudos | Haga click en la imagen para ampliar |

 

   La placa de circuito impreso para el montaje se muestra en la figura 3.

 

   Figura 3 - Placa de circuito impreso para el montaje
   Figura 3 - Placa de circuito impreso para el montaje | Haga click en la imagen para ampliar |

 

   En el montaje, observe las posiciones de los circuitos integrados y del transistor de potencia.

   El transistor debe estar dotado de un buen disipador de calor.

   Los resistores son de 1/8 W y la alimentación debe venir de la batería o fuente con al menos 800 mA.

   

CI-1, CI-2 - 4011 - circuitos integrados CMOS

Q1 - BD135 - transistores NPN de potencia

FTE - 4 u 8 ohmios - tweeter piezoeléctrico

S1 - Interruptor simple

B1 - 6 a 12 V - batería o fuente

P1 - 100 k ohms - trimpot

R1 - 4k7 ohms - resistor - amarillo, violeta, rojo

R2 - 10 k ohms - resistor - marrón, negro, naranja

R3 - 47 k ohms - resistor - amarillo, violeta, naranja

R4 - 220 k ohms - resistor - rojo, rojo, amarillo

R5 - 1k2 ohms - resistor - marrón, rojo, rojo

C1 - 2n2 - capacitor de cerámica o poliéster

C2 - 220 nF - capacitor de cerámica o poliéster

 

Varios:

Placa de circuito impreso, hilos, soldadura, etc.

 

pcbway_012_2024

Buscador de Datasheets


N° de Componente 

Banco de Circuitos

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