Este es un proyecto puramente experimental en el que un relé cierra sus contactos rápidamente al ritmo de la música reproducida por un amplificador u otro sistema de sonido. No se recomienda utilizar el diseño en efectos de tiempo prolongado, dado el desgaste del relé.

 

   La idea poco convencional de este proyecto, pues el relé no se utilizan con esta finalidad, es hacer que sus contactos sean activados según el ritmo de la música de un equipo de sonido.

  El circuito se puede utilizar para controlar las lámparas incandescentes, obteniéndose así un efecto especial.

   En la figura 1, podemos ver la estructura básica de un relé.

 

   Figura 1 - Estructura de un relé
   Figura 1 - Estructura de un relé

 

   

Los contactos se activan por el campo magnético de una bobina.

   En la práctica, los relés pueden operar un número limitado de veces, lo que no los hace ideal para la aplicación que proponemos.

  En ella, la acción rápida del relé puede hacer que haya un desgaste de estos contactos y, por lo tanto, tendremos una durabilidad limitada para este componente.

    Sin embargo, si el lector dispone de un relé que ya no está muy bien y desea aprovecharlo para algo, este proyecto le puede interesar.

   Lo que hacemos entonces es aplicar la señal de un equipo de sonido a un transistor que tiene por carga el relé.

   En los contactos del relé llamamos lámparas de colores que parpadearán al ritmo del sonido reproducido.

 

   Montaje

   En la figura 2 tenemos el diagrama completo del aparato.

 

   Figura 2 - Diagrama completo del aparato
   Figura 2 - Diagrama completo del aparato | Haga click en la imagen para ampliar |

 

   

Como se trata de montaje experimental simple, optamos por el montaje en puente de terminales, como muestra la figura 3.

 

 

   Figura 3 - Montaje en puente de terminales
   Figura 3 - Montaje en puente de terminales | Haga click en la imagen para ampliar |

 

   

En el montaje, observe la posición del transistor y la polaridad de los diodos.

   El valor de Rx depende de la potencia del amplificador, siendo dado por la siguiente tabla.

 


 

 

 

  El transformador T1 puede ser cualquier pequeño transformador con un primario de 110 V, y secundario de 6 a 12 V con corriente de 100 a 500 mA que se conectará a Rx.

   Este transformador funciona como un elevador de impedancia para la señal de audio.

   T2 es un transformador con secundario de 6 o 12 V según el relé usado y el relé puede ser de cualquier tipo con corriente de accionamiento hasta 100 mA.

   Los resistores son de 1/8 W con cualquier tolerancia y el electrolítico para 16 V o más.

  C1 y C2 pueden tener sus valores alterados para impedir oscilaciones excesivas de los contactos del relé.

   En la figura 4 tenemos el modo de conectar el circuito a la salida de un amplificador.

 

   Figura 4 - Conexión al amplificador
   Figura 4 - Conexión al amplificador

 

   

Para usar, ajuste el volumen del amplificador y luego P1 para obtener el funcionamiento del circuito.

   

Q1 - BC548 - transistores NPN de uso general

D1, D2, D3, D4 - 1N4002 - diodos de silicio

T1, T2 - transformadores, ver texto

K1 - Relés de 6 a 12 V

P1 - 10 k ohmios - potenciómetro

Rx - ver tabla

R1 - 8k2 ohms - resistor - gris, rojo, rojo

R2 - 33 k ohms - resistor - naranja, naranja, naranja

C1 - 2n2 - cerámico o poliéster

C2 - 1 uF - electrolítico

C3 - 470 uF x 16 V - electrolítico

Varios:

Puente de terminales, cable de fuerza, lámparas incandescentes, caja para montaje, hilos, soldadura, etc.

 

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